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Contents
editorial
LUCAS LEDWABA
Festival in forgotten community seeks to amplify rural voices through art
RATO MID FREQUENCY
Social Death Beyond Blackness
HUGO KA CANHAM
Exchanging black excellence for failure
LOUIS CHUDE-SOKEI WITH IR INDIGENOUS RESISTANCE
Sharp as a Blade: Decolonizing Decolonization
Theme Timbila Library
MALAIKA WA AZANIA
The Timbila Library - 120 books to read by age 28
MING DI
“Through Multiculturalism We Become Better Humans”: A Conversation with Vonani Bila
MZWANDILE MATIWANA
The surviving poet
NOSIPHO KOTA
Seven Poems
MPHUTLANE WA BOFELO
Language is Land
MXOLISI NYEZWA
Seven Notes To A Black friend, The Dance of the Ancestors and Two Other Songs That Happened
VONANI BILA
Ancestral Wealth
PHILLIPPA YAA DE VILLIERS
Voices of the Land: Poets of Connection
MASERAME JUNE MADINGWANE
Three Poems
SANDILE NGIDI
Three Poems
VONANI BILA
Probing ‘Place’ as a Catalyst for Poetry
DAVID WA MAAHLAMELA
Four Poems
MAKHOSAZANA XABA
Poems from These Hands
TINYIKO MALULEKE
An Ode to Xilamulelamhangu: English-Xitsonga Dictionary
KGAFELA OA MAGOGODI
Five Outspoken Poems
MZI MAHOLA
Three Poems
VUYISILE MSILA
People’s English in the Poetry of Mzi Mahola and Vonani Bila
VONANI BILA
The Pig and four other poems
MPUMI CILIBE
American Toilet Graffiti: JFK Airport 1995
KELWYN SOLE
Craft Wars and ’74 – did it happen? (unpublished paper)
MAROPODI HLABIRWA MAPALAKANYE
Troublemaker’s Prison Letter
AYANDA BILLIE
Four Poems
VONANI BILA
Moses, we shall sing your Redemption Song
MM MARHANELE
Three Poems
VUYISILE MSILA
Four Poems
RAPHAEL D’ABDON
Resistance Poetry in Post-apartheid South Africa: An Analysis of the Poetic Works and Cultural Activism of Vonani Bila
THEMBA KA MATHE
Three Poems
ROBERT BEROLD
Five Poems
VONANI BILA
The Magician
galleri
KHEHLA CHEPAPE MAKGATO
TŠHIPA E TAGA MOHLABENG WA GAYO
THAIO ABRAHAM LEKHANYA
Mary Sibande: Reimagining the Figure of the Domestic Worker
TSHEPO SIZWE PHOKOJOE
The Gods Must Be Crazy
DATHINI MZAYIYA
Early Works
KEMANG WA LEHULERE & LEFIFI TLADI
In Correspondence
TENDAI RINOS MWANAKA
Mwanaka Media: all sorts of haunts, hallucinations and motivations
ROFHIWA MUDAU
Colour Bars
OBINNA OBIOMA
Anyi N’Aga (We Are Going )
THULILE GAMEDZE
No end, no fairytale: On the farce of a revolutionary ‘hey day’ in contemporary South African art
SAM MATHE
On Comic Books
VONANI BILA
Caversham Centre: A Catalyst for Creative Writing and Engagement with Writers and Artists
KEITH ADAMS
Vakalisa Arts Associates, 1982–1992: Reflections
borborygmus
LYNTHIA JULIUS
Om ’n wildeperd te tem
EUGENE SKEEF
THEN AND NOW
BONGANI MADONDO
Out of Africa: Hip Hop’s half-a-century impact on modernity - a memoir of sound and youth, from the culture’s African sources, Caribbean “techno-bush” to its disco-infernal flourish.
KOPANO RATELE
You May Have Heard of the Black Spirit: Or Why Voice Matters
KWANELE SOSIBO
Innervisions: The Politricks of Dub
NDUDUZO MAKHATHINI
uNomkhubulwane and songs
RICHARD PITHOUSE
The radical preservation of Matsuli Music
CARSTEN RASCH
Searching for the Branyo
BONGANI TAU
Ukuqophisa umlandu: Using fashion to re-locate Black Psyche in a Township
VONANI BILA
Dahl Street, Pietersburg
FORTUNATE JWARA
Thinking Eroticism and the Practice of Writing: An Interview with Stacy Hardy
NOMPUMELELO MOTLAFI
The Fucking
frictions
IGNATIA MADALANE
Not on the List
SITHEMBELE ISAAC XHEGWANA
IMAGINED: (excerpt)
SHANICE NDLOVU
When I Think Of My Death
MPHUTLANE WA BOFELO
Biko, Jazz and Liberation Psychology
FORTUNATE JWARA
Three Delusions
ALEXANDRA KALLOS
A Kite That Bears My Name
NIEVILLE DUBE
Three Joburg Stories
M. AYODELE HEATH
Three Poems
ZAMOKUHLE MADINANA
Three Poems
VERNIE FEBRUARY
Of snakes and mice — iinyoka neempuku
KNEO MOKGOPA
Woundedness
VONANI BILA
The day I killed the mamba
JESÚS SEPÚLVEDA
Love Song for Renée Nicole Good
ALLAN KOLSKI HORWITZ
Three New Poems
claque
MAKHOSAZANA XABA
“Unmapped roads in us”: A Review of Siphokazi Jonas's Weeping Becomes a River
LINDA NDLOVU
Uhuru Portia Phalafala’s Mine Mine Mine
VONANI BILA
Kwanobuhle Overcast: Ayanda Billie's poetry of social obliteration and intimacy
WAMUWI MBAO
We Who Are Not Dead Yet: A Necessary Shudder
ENOCK SHISHENGE
Sam Mathe’s When You Are Gone
SIHLE NTULI
Channels of Discovery
MAKGATLA THEPA-LEPHALE
Lefatshe ke la Badimo by Sabata-mpho Mokae
PHILANI A. NYONI
The Mad
SEAN JACOBS
Mr. Entertainment
NELSON RATAU
On Culture and Liberation Struggle in South Africa — From Colonialism to Post-Apartheid, Lebogang Lance Nawa [Editor]
DIMAKATSO SEDITE
Morafe
MENZI MASEKO
Acknowledging Spiritual Power Beyond Belief - A Review of Restoring Africa’s Spiritual Identity by African Hidden Voices (AHV)
DOMINIC DAULA
Kassandra by Duo Nystrøm / Venter: Artistry inspired by Janus
RIAAN OPPELT
Get Jits or Die Tryin’
MZOXOLO VIMBA
The weight of the sack: Hessian, history and new meaning in Tshepo Sizwe Phokojoe’s “The Gods Must be Crazy” exhibition.
RICK DE VILLIERS
Review: Ons wag vir Godot – translated by Naòmi Morgan
GOODENOUGH MASHEGO
We Who Are Not Dead Yet by Aryan Kaganof
MAKGATLA THEPA-LEPHALE
SACRED HILLS, A Novel by Lucas Ledwaba
ekaya
MALIKA NDLOVU
Beloved sister Diana
VONANI BILA
The Timbila Poetry Project
MARK WALLER
It’s time to make arts and culture serve the people
LUCAS LEDWABA
'I have nothing left' – flood victims count the costs
KOPANO RATELE & THE NHU SPACE POSSE
On The ‘NHU’ Space
LWAZI LUSHABA
A Video Call with Kopano Ratele on Politics and the Black Psyche, 22 July 2024
CHARLA SMITH & KOPANO RATELE
“Men cannot love if they are not taught the art of loving”: Blueprints for caring boys and men
LAING DE VILLIERS
A visit to the Mighty Men’s Conference and Uncle Angus: A perspective on masculinity
THOMAS HYLLAND ERIKSEN & RIAAN OPPELT
Post-apartheid diversification through Afrikaaps: language, power and superdiversity in the Western Cape
MARTIN JANSEN
Where is the Better Lyf You Promised Us?
THADDEUS METZ
Academic Publishing is a Criminal Operation
off the record
MIRIAM MAKEBA
Sonke Mdluli
ALON SKUY
Marikana 2012/2022
ZAKES MDA
Biko's Children (12 September 2001)
VONANI BILA
Ku Hluvukile eka ‘Zete’: Recovering history and heritage through the influence of Xitsonga disco maestro, Obed Ngobeni
IAN OSRIN
Recording Obed Ngobeni with Peter Moticoe
MATSULI MUSIC
The Back Covers
THEODORE LOUW
Reminiscing
GAVIN STEINGO
Historicizing Kwaito
LEHLOHONOLO PHAFOLI
The Evolution of Sotho Accordion Music in Lesotho: 1980-2005
DOUGIE OAKES
On Arthur Nortje, The Poet Who Wouldn’t Look Away
PULE LECHESA
Sophonia Machabe Mofokeng: Distinguished Essayist and Dramatist in the pantheon of Sesotho Literature
NOKUTHULA MAZIBUKO
Spring Offensive
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OSCAR HEMER
16 October 2025
PALESA MOKWENA
9 October 2024
MATTHEW PATEMAN
11 August 2024
RAFIEKA WILLIAMS
12 August 2023
ARYAN KAGANOF
26 October 2021 – A letter to Masixole Mlandu
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The Meaning of ‘Bantu’
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Decolonizing Knowledge and the Question of the Archive
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Translation as Erasure: Thoughts on Modernity’s Epistemic Violence
SABELO J NDLOVU-GATSHENI
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    #12
  • frictions

VONANI BILA

The day I killed the mamba

Hello Readers.
For the past few days, I have been working on the attached poem, "Today I killed a Black Mamba." It is long and possibly repetitive. It's a work-in-progress. I am lucky to be alive because if this snake had acted in its typical violent behaviour, I would be lying in the mortuary with stiff limbs and frigid brain.
Best regards,
Vonani

I

Under the mango tree,
behind my father’s abandoned brown house,
Hangzhou, my white puppy, is sprawled
breathing like a dying bulb.
Her white pupils are dilated and exhausted,
her mouth full of green smelly foam,
the jaw and tongue are stiff and paralysed,
and next to her a heap of fresh vomit and diarrhoea.

I squat beside her,
under the thick mat of dry mango leaves,
my puppy is weak and drooling.
It has to be a snake bite:
she’s bleeding from the nose, mouth, and ears,
there is no vet or snake catcher in my village,
and even if there was, I don’t have money.

I kneel like a gogo in mourning,
paying homage to the dog that I’d trained
to ward off intruders and monkeys,
I summon her grandmother Whitey and her uncle Rendy
to receive her with warmth,
they too, fell to the wrath of snake bites.

As I kneel and shed a tear,
God, help me not to step on the demon that killed my dogs,
I yearn to grow old, grow grey hair under my armpits,
I don’t want to lie next to my puppy Hangzhou,
paralysed and dying.
II

17 December 2025,
it’s morning at verdant Shirley village,
the sun is up, warm, and soggy,
an olive-coloured snake
with black markings between the scales,
a beast with a dark thin tail and pale belly
slithers behind our abandoned house,
squeezing its elongated coffin-shaped head
through the narrow doorway.

The unloved guest wants to enter the old house,
perhaps hunt down rodents and mice,
for breakfast and supper,
coil and hide in old tyres,
not today, Satan!
III

Freeze, dammit! I shout silently
in my throbbing heart.
Wait here until I boil a kettle,
to scrub your long body,
until your scales disintegrate,
until scalds form a map to hell!
I want to see your grey-brown eyes go blind
like the dogs you killed,
leaving them with dilated pupils,
leaving them struggling to swallow,
leaving them labouring to breathe.
Fearsome serpent, ndzingo ndzi wena (you demon)
you’ve come to the wrong address,
before the sun sets, you’ll go down
and your potent venom will misfire.
IV

I return with a bowl of boiling water,
splash its body with unstoppable rage,
I hit it with a thick acacia stick,
it writhes in pain,
but the kisser of death rears up,
lifting its head and body off the ground,
swaying like a pencak silat master,
opening inky black mouth agape,
neck inflated, hissing loudly like a punctured tyre,
front fixed fangs ready to strike,
but I’m not deterred,
kwa! kwa! kwa!
vhuma ndzi ku teka, nyakhandli si nga fi! (comply as I slam you undying evil)
kwa! kwa! kwa!
vhuma ndzi ku teka, nyakhandli si nga fi! (comply as I slam you undying evil)

I’m a mad man at war with an enemy,
yelling and swearing
grrr, aaah shit! grrr, aaah shit!
gah, aaah shit! gah, aaah shit!
its skin is so calloused,
it refuses to crack,
my stick breaks into splinters,
now I’m deep in kak, (shit)
but hell broer, I’ve moered ndzingo lowu, (brother) (slammed this demon)
it slithers away,
vanishing into a clump of lemongrass.

Makongoza, our skinny gardener,
stops planting sweet potato shoots in the field,
rushes to the scene, wielding a log,
the black mamba rears its head,
swinging in his direction,
Makongoza shuts his beady eyes,
slams the ground so hard
the log breaks into pieces,
but he’s missed the head,
the wounded demon retreats quickly
to the woodpile,
or under the damp rocks,
or into a hole, or termite mound,
or who knows where?
V 

Now we are tempting fate,
this monster’s venom can floor an elephant in minutes.
Now that it’s wounded it’ll be aggressive,
spit death from where it is hiding,
bite us countless times,
pins and needles will set in,
feet will be numb,
lungs will contract and give up,
limbs will shrink and stiffen,
and the heart will toyitoyi in vain
and stop pumping blood,
the muscles will shake around-the-clock,
lips will twitch and tingle nonstop,
pupils will be dilated like a druggie’s,
pants will be soiled,
we’ll be a sewage spillage,
sisekakeni! (we are deep in shit)

Gossiping villagers will laugh at me like hadedas:
what kind of a dunderhead tries
to kill a black mamba without a solid plan?
Ina, I am not a fool, (yes)
I am a diligent red-billed hornbill
that looks up at the sky,
summons the rain to pour,
so that our fields can be green again,
so that drought can be driven backwards
like a boxer on the ropes
hit by Tyson’s hammer fists,
nkorho! (red-billed hornbill)
VI

I sprinkle petrol where I think it’s hiding,
splash, splash! wavaa, wavaa!
if it’s in a hole or a rock crevice,
it will come out smoked and gassed,
splash, splash! tlhambuu, tlhambuu!
it will come out drowsy and drowned from the fumes,
I want to conquer Satan,
I am the head of the family,
Satan can’t boss my yard around,
I call to my ancestors for back up:
Daniel wa Dayimani,
Dayimani wa Jonasi,
Jonasi wa Makhayingi,
Makhayingi wa Mpfumari,
Mpfumari wa Xanjhinghu,
Xanjhinghu wa Ntshovi,
Ntshovi wa Ricece,
Ricece wa Xisilafole xi nga ri na nhonga xi sila hi mandla,
Bilakhulu mhlahlandhlela, (Bila the great, the pathfinder)
Bilakhulu mcaciwa,
Bilakhulu msengana,
Xihlakala milenge mbilu a yi hlakali. (He whose feet wear away while the heart is intact)

Makongoza clears the site with the brush cutter.
There it is,
curled under the mango tree,
coiled, hiding in lemongrass bushes,
it is wounded, traumatised,
skin is burning,
it is eating itself up,
the cold-blooded creature is overheating,
it is stone-deaf,
but it feels the boiling water.

This time around I waste no time,
I hit it so hard with an iron rod,
it twists in pain like a wailing concertina,
but it’s already gassed and dead,
again, I pour boiling water all over its body,
just to make sure the demon can’t wake up.
VII

Snake lovers, go to hell!
I’m not the friend of herpetologists and ophiophilists
who say vipers and mambas must be left alone
to climb trees and lunge across branches,
to roam on open savannahs and grasslands.
Ecologists say we must leave the spiders alone,
leave the thick-tailed scorpions alone,
how can we ignore creatures that hold us hostage,
that sting and suck our blood?
They say these beasts are crucial for the ecosystem,
and that their venom can save the sick world,
eish …
ja, neh …

Call me a brute!
call me a thorn-hearted man,
I don’t care…
You can rush to the nearest police station,
report a case of reptile cruelty,
let the police handcuff and chain me,
let them drag me naked into a van,
let the court jail me with a heavy sentence,
but I can’t return a black mamba to the woods,
whose one, two, three bites
won’t let me reach the hospital alive,
with just two drops of venom,
it will finish off my remaining puppies
without a yelp or growl,
it will finish off my chickens in the coop,
without a cackle or squawk,
it will finish off my family
with lethal bites,
derelict hospital is too far,
patients growl on benches,
toss and turn on the cold floor,
Panado and Ibuprofen are not enough,
and my country’s snake anti-venom has been pilfered
by the pseudo-communists in navy tuxedo suits,
who live in gated suburbs,
smoke cigars,
and drink whisky and rum.
VIII

We hang the dead mamba
on a branch of the avocado tree,
the monkeys don’t come near it,
it is long, it is dead,
but what if it’s making fools of us…?
I pour its whole body with petrol
(like com-tsotsis did with necklace victims in the ’80s), (thugs)
I set it alight with jubilation,
the flame ablaze,
it burns, skin peeling off,
scabs opening.
IX

I think of serpentivores,
my Mozambican ‘mongoose’ friends at Magulule,
who boil the soft snake meat,
cut it in small pieces,
marinate it,
and grill,
rip it apart with teeth,
all for stamina,
all to grow the clan.

I think of my Indonesian friends
who hunt down snakes,
to make soups and stir-fries,
bragging that snake meat is
‘yummy-yummy like chicken’.

I think of sangomas who hunt down snakes,
collect venom and bones,
harvest hearts and lungs
and swallow them raw
to live forever,
to foretell the future,
to heal the sick,
heal the lame on the stretcher,
to attract good luck,
and rest their heads on soft pillows,
stashed with bank notes.

If I were of a Mamba clan – like the Nkanyanis or Ntulis,
I would let the guest move freely in the house,
let it curl itself up like a spring behind the door,
nuzzle and stroke it gently,
kiss its narrow and elongated head
I will watch TV sunk in my recliner
while the mamba dangles, stretches
and caresses my naked feet.

If I were of a Mamba clan –
I would let the beast flicker its forked tongue happily,
hang it around my neck like a treasured necklace,
smile when its cold body tantalises my blood
with a tingling bliss,
I would feed it with rabbits and fowls,
leave it alone in the garage,
to catch lizards and frogs.

The Mamba clans can do all these things,
their chemistry with the reptile is mutual,
it is a bond made in divine dense forests and burning mountains,
in dark caves, grottoes, and tunnels,
in gurgling rivers and deep oceans.

But I am not of the Mamba clan,
my ancestors are path-finding rats,
mammals that nurture their young
unlike reptiles that hatch eggs
and leave their snakelets to fend for themselves,
in the wildest bush of raptors and mongooses.
X

I ditch the carcass into the pit toilet –
that’s where it belongs,
down there in the stink of poo and pee,
an infestation of beetles, fleas, and bugs,
a cloud of dung flies,
but I shudder to venture near the toilet
without a torch and stick,
let alone enter the small room and sit,
what if the mamba has faked death,
what if it has crawled upwards
sliding from side to side,
gliding under the toilet seat,
waiting to take its revenge,
waiting to nail my tail,
bite my hanging potatoes,
and leave me sweat-soaked,
dizzy, with slurred speech,
leave me blind and mad,
pants hanging on my knees?
I keep far away from the pit latrine,
because even when Satan is dead –
what if his bones metamorphose
into little children and grandchildren?
XI

It’s dark outside,
I walk behind the old house barefooted,
I want to pick pumpkin leaves for supper,
suddenly, I step on something black and thin
under the bloodcurdling dense foliage,
cha, chaa, chaaa!
chakala-chakalaa, chakala-chakalaa
!

Startled and jolted, I squeal, taking a gasp of air,
leaves rustle and crunch,
cha, chaa, chaaa!
chakala-chakalaa, chakala-chakalaa!
my hair rises,
my heart races to the throat.

In the deep forests near the holy Bila cemetery–
a ximememe cackles like a fowl, (mountain snake)
crows like a rooster
then it moos and bellows like a cow
I jump like a klipspringer in panic,
puffing and panting,
fearing an instant bite from a mamba.
XII

Today I am a hero,
today I am a raptor,
the long-legged secretary bird with quick reflexes
that stomps on a mamba with massive force,
strikes with its razor-sharp bills and talons.

The black mamba finished off my short-coated fawn Africanis –
my springy loyal Tsonga umgodoyi, (Africanis dog)
I grieve for Whitey and Rendy,
I grieve for Hangzhou.

Today I boiled a kettle,
poured hot water over Satan’s bulky body,
hit it hard-heartedly with a stick,
doused the demon with petrol, and set it alight.

Today I am the thick-skinned honey badger,
think twice before you attack me,
I wring and swallow a black mamba alive,
I bashed the flying khangala single-handedly, (black mamba)
smashed it with boiling water, stick and fire.
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